LDG OT-11P Instructions Manual

Text of LDG OT-11P User Guide:

• LDG OT-11P, OT-11P Automatic Antenna Tuner For Ten-Tec Orion Manual Version 1.1 LDG Electronics 1445 Parran Road, PO Box 48 St. Leonard MD 20685-2903 USA Phone: 410-586-2177 Fax: 410-586-8475 [email protected] www.ldgelectronics.com Copyright © LDG Electronics 2006. All rights reserved.

• LDG OT-11P, 2 OT-11P Automatic Antenna Tuner For the Ten-Tec Orion Introduction 3 Specifications 3 OT-11P Auto Tuner Overview 4 Installation 6 Operation 11 Theory Of Operation 12 Some Basic Ideas About Impedance 12 Transmitters, Transmission Lines, Antennas and Impedance 12 The LDG OT-11P 14 A Word About Tuning Etiquette 15 Care and Maintenance 15 Technical Support 15 Warranty and Service 15 Firmware Upgrades 16 Feedback 16

• LDG OT-11P, 3 Introduction Congratulations on selecting the OT-11P tuner for your Ten-Tec Orion and Orion II transceiver. This tuner, when installed, will be fully integrated with your transceiver, and will be controlled by the radio's user interface. Your OT-11P will quickly and automatically match an amazing variety of antennas. LDG pioneered the automatic, wide-range switched-L tuner in 1995. From its laboratories near the nation’s capitol, LDG continues to define the state of the art in this field with innovative automatic tuners and related products for every amateur need. Specifications • Fully integrated with the O

• LDG OT-11P, 4 OT-11P Auto Tuner Overview Your OT-11P comes fully assembled, aligned and ready to install. You will install the tuner inside your Orion transceiver, resulting in a fully integrated internal tuner. After installation, your OT-11P tuner will be controlled by the Orion's front panel TUNE button. Installation is straightforward; you will mount the tuner inside your Orion transceiver, remove one coax jumper, install three plugs and solder one connection. These are simple steps, well within the abilities of anyone with basic electronic ass

• 5 A word about power levels Your OT-11P is custom designed specifically for the Orion transceiver and its power levels. LDG does not recommend using the OT-11P in any other application. If you choose to do so, never exceed 125 watts peak power input to the tuner. A minimum of 0.1 watts is required to activate the tuner. Required Tools: You will need a few basic

• LDG OT-11P, 6 Installation Before installing your OT-11P tuner, you should upgrade the radio's firmware to the latest version. Consult the radio's manual and the Ten-Tec web site for instructions on how to do this. When the firmware upgrade is complete, proceed with installing the tuner. With your Orion powered down and disconnected from the DC power supply, remove the top and bottom covers from the radio. Using a medium cross-point screwdriver, remove four screws from the sides of the radio (two on each side). Using a cross-point

• LDG OT-11P, 7 Step 2.4: Locate connector J11, a white 7-pin connecter on the inside of the panel assembly near the center. There is nothing connected to it in the stock radio. Note: Some Orions have a blank connector here to prevent pin damage. You can remove the blank connector to install the black and white tuner control connector. Original Orion Orion II Step 2.5: Route the black and white control cable from the OT-11P tuner through the round grommet in the back of the front-panel

• LDG OT-11P, 8 Step 2.7: Reattach the front panel, making sure you don't pinch or bind any wires. Remember, the black tabs on the edge of the front panel go on the outside of the chassis. Step 2.8: Take a short coffee break; the worst is over. Step 3: Route the red wire connected to the OT-11P through the notch in the radio's center-right shield panel, to the front right compartment of the radio. Locate the small circuit board there, and the black multi-pin connector on the left side. Locate the two pins closest to the back of the radio. Carefully tack solder the end of the red wire from the OP-11 to either or both of these pins. Check your

• 9 \ Step 4: Carefully route the two coaxial cables attached to the OT-11P through the round grommet at the center rear of the radio. The coax cable connectors have flanges, pushing them through one at a time will make it easier. Route the two cables between the left rear shield panel and the circuit board mounted vertically in the left rear, to the area direct

• 10 Step 6: Carefully insert the cable coming from the front of the OT-11P into the jack furtherest from the right edge of the PC board. This is the cable that is connected to the OT-11P through the small toroid sensor coil labeled T1 on the tuner. Insert the other cable into the jack nearest the edge of the PC board. Double check to make sure you have the correct ca

• LDG OT-11P, 11 Operation Enabling the tuner: In the Orion TX setup menu, check the "Internal Tuner" setting. If it is set to "disabled", change it to "enabled". You only have to do this once, the first time you use the tuner. However, you will have to repeat this setting if you ever perform a hard reset on the radio. Normal operation: Operation of your OT-11P tuner is controlled by the Orion's TUNE button. To tune, simply set the radio to the desired operating frequency, then press and release the TUNE button

• LDG OT-11P, 12 Theory Of Operation Some Basic Ideas About Impedance The theory underlying antennas and transmission lines is fairly complex, and in fact employs a mathematical notation called “complex numbers” that have “real” and “imaginary” parts. It is beyond the scope of this manual to present a tutorial on this subject 1 , but a little background will help you understand what your OT-11P is doing, and how it does it. In simple DC circuits, the wire resists the current flow, converting some of it into heat. The relationship between voltage, current and resistance is described

• LDG OT-11P, 13 The ratio of transmitted to reflected energy is called the “standing wave ratio”, or SWR. An SWR of 1 (sometimes written 1:1) indicates a perfect match. As more energy is reflected, the SWR rises to 2, 3 or higher. As a general rule, modern solid state transmitters must operate with an SWR of 2 or less. Tube exciters are somewhat more tolerant of high SWR. If your 50 ohm antenna is resonant at your operating frequency, it will show an SWR close to 1. However, this is usually not the case; operators often need to transmit at frequencies other than resonance, resulting in a reactive antenna and a higher SWR.

• LDG OT-11P, 14 The LDG OT-11P In 1995 LDG pioneered a new type of automatic antenna tuner. The LDG design uses banks of fixed capacitors and inductors, switched in and out of the circuit by relays under microprocessor control. A built-in SWR sensor provides feedback; the microprocessor searches the capacitor and inductor banks, seeking the lowest possible SWR. The tuner is a “Switched L” network consisting of series inductors and parallel capacitors. LDG chose the L network for its minimum number of

• LDG OT-11P, 15 The microprocessor runs a fine tune routine just after the tuner finds a match at an SWR of 1.5 or less. This routine tries to get the SWR as low as possible (not just 1.5); it takes about a half second to run. There is also a quick tune mode. If the SWR is below 2.0 when you press the tune button to start a tuning cycle, the tuner will first try a memory tune routine to see if it can achieve a low SWR without a complete re-tune. This also takes about a half second to run. If it does not find a good match, then it runs a

• LDG OT-11P, 16 Firmware Upgrades From time to time LDG may release upgraded firmware for the OT-11P, refining operation and adding features. Your OT-11P is not field programmable; you will have to remove the present chip and replace it with the upgrade chip. Upgrades are expected to cost about $10-$20, and will be announced on our web site when available. Feedback If you have an idea to improve our software or hardware, please send us a description. If we incorporate your idea in the OT-11P, we

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